1 Initial Corpus generation

1.1 Corpus Creation

  1. Scopus download of documents retrieved from search string from Markard et al. (2012). Limited to LANGUAGE = ENGLISH AND TYPE = (ARTICLE).
  2. Selecting “seed” publications. 1% most cited per year. Ex-post manual exclusion. Results in 53 seed papers
  3. Retrieving for each seed 1000 publications with most shared references. Again, same limitations as in step 1.
  4. Adittional ex. post filtering. First, based on citations recieved and connectivity in bibliographic coupling network. Namely, I excluded edges in the bottom 10% quantile of the weight distribution (Jaccard weighted), also unconnected and nodes in the bottom 10% of the degree distribution. Lastly,after the community detection exercise, I excluded nodes in communities of less than 500 members.

That leads to an overall corpus size of:

## Number of unique publications in the final corpus:  5479

1.2 Seed Paper

In the following, we more in detail investigate the seed papers.

1.2.1 List of all seed papers

NOTE: NEEDS BETTER FORMAT

## 
## Converting your scopus collection into a bibliographic dataframe
## 
## Done!
## 
## 
## Generating affiliation field tag AU_UN from C1:  Done!
NR AU PY TI J9 TC TC_year
44 GEELS FW;SCHOT J 2007 TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS RES POLICY 1841 141.61538
52 GEELS FW 2002 TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A M… RES POLICY 2345 130.27778
25 MARKARD J;RAVEN R;TRUF… 2012 SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS RES POLICY 1029 128.62500
1 KÖHLER J;GEELS FW;KERN… 2019 AN AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS RESEARCH: STATE OF THE ART AND … ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 122 122.00000
32 SHOVE E 2010 BEYOND THE ABC: CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE ENVIRON PLANN A 1088 108.80000
50 GEELS FW 2004 FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS… RES POLICY 1465 91.56250
43 HEKKERT MP;SUURS RAA;N… 2007 FUNCTIONS OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A NEW APPROACH FOR ANALYSING TECHNOLOGI… TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE 1039 79.92308
23 SMITH A;RAVEN R 2012 WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAIN… RES POLICY 638 79.75000
42 BERGEK A;JACOBSSON S;C… 2008 ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A… RES POLICY 824 68.66667
49 SMITH A;STIRLING A;BER… 2005 THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS RES POLICY 1023 68.20000
40 SCHOT J;GEELS FW 2008 STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY, … TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE 787 65.58333
35 GEELS FW 2010 ONTOLOGIES, SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (TO SUSTAINABILITY), AND THE MUL… RES POLICY 639 63.90000
3 SCHOT J;STEINMUELLER WE 2018 THREE FRAMES FOR INNOVATION POLICY: R&D, SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND TRANS… RES POLICY 124 62.00000
38 LOORBACH D 2010 TRANSITION MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A PRESCRIPTIVE, COMPL… GOVERNANCE 612 61.20000
54 KEMP R;SCHOT J;HOOGMA R 1998 REGIME SHIFTS TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH PROCESSES OF NICHE FORMATION: TH… TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE 1344 61.09091
12 KIVIMAA P;KERN F 2016 CREATIVE DESTRUCTION OR MERE NICHE SUPPORT? INNOVATION POLICY MIXES FOR … RES POLICY 242 60.50000
9 GEELS FW;KERN F;FUCHS … 2016 THE ENACTMENT OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS: A REFORMULATED TYP… RES POLICY 236 59.00000
11 SOVACOOL BK 2016 HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE? CONCEPTUALIZING THE TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF ENERGY T… ENERGY RES SOC SCI 235 58.75000
26 COENEN L;BENNEWORTH P;… 2012 TOWARD A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS RES POLICY 469 58.62500
2 KIVIMAA P;BOON W;HYYSA… 2019 TOWARDS A TYPOLOGY OF INTERMEDIARIES IN SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: A SY… RES POLICY 57 57.00000
21 BULKELEY H;CASTÁN BROTO V 2013 GOVERNMENT BY EXPERIMENT? GLOBAL CITIES AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE TRANS INST BR GEOGR 397 56.71429
8 ROGGE KS;REICHARDT K 2016 POLICY MIXES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EXTENDED CONCEPT AND FRA… RES POLICY 224 56.00000
27 SEYFANG G;HAXELTINE A 2012 GROWING GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED IN… ENVIRON PLANN C GOV POLICY 396 49.50000
51 GARUD R;KARNØE P 2003 BRICOLAGE VERSUS BREAKTHROUGH: DISTRIBUTED AND EMBEDDED AGENCY IN TECHNO… RES POLICY 813 47.82353
41 MARKARD J;TRUFFER B 2008 TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARD… RES POLICY 546 45.50000
22 GEELS FW 2012 A SOCIO-TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF LOW-CARBON TRANSITIONS: INTRODUCING THE MU… J TRANSP GEOGR 353 44.12500
14 HANSEN T;COENEN L 2015 THE GEOGRAPHY OF SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: REVIEW, SYNTHESIS AND REFLE… ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 219 43.80000
4 CHERP A;VINICHENKO V;J… 2018 INTEGRATING TECHNO-ECONOMIC, SOCIO-TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL PERSPECTIVES … ENERGY RES SOC SCI 86 43.00000
47 JACOBSSON S;LAUBER V 2006 THE POLITICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION - EXPLAINING THE… ENERGY POLICY 576 41.14286
34 SHOVE E;WALKER G 2010 GOVERNING TRANSITIONS IN THE SUSTAINABILITY OF EVERYDAY LIFE RES POLICY 408 40.80000
18 FUENFSCHILLING L;TRUFF… 2014 THE STRUCTURATION OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES - CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FR… RES POLICY 238 39.66667
33 HODSON M;MARVIN S 2010 CAN CITIES SHAPE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS AND HOW WOULD WE KNOW IF TH… RES POLICY 387 38.70000
48 GEELS FW 2005 TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AND SYSTEM INNOVATIONS: A CO-EVOLUTIONARY AND … TECHNOL TRANS AND SYSTEM INNOVA: A CO-EVOL AND SOCIO-TECH ANAL 577 38.46667
39 MEADOWCROFT J 2009 WHAT ABOUT THE POLITICS? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TRANSITION MANAGEMENT,… POLICY SCI 423 38.45455
17 STIRLING A 2014 TRANSFORMING POWER: SOCIAL SCIENCE AND THE POLITICS OF ENERGY CHOICES ENERGY RES SOC SCI 222 37.00000
24 WEBER KM;ROHRACHER H 2012 LEGITIMIZING RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMA… RES POLICY 291 36.37500
20 NEVENS F;FRANTZESKAKI … 2013 URBAN TRANSITION LABS: CO-CREATING TRANSFORMATIVE ACTION FOR SUSTAINABLE… J CLEAN PROD 248 35.42857
37 SMITH A;STIRLING A 2010 THE POLITICS OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHN… ECOL SOC 335 33.50000
5 LUEDERITZ C;SCHÄPKE N;… 2017 LEARNING THROUGH EVALUATION – A TENTATIVE EVALUATIVE SCHEME FOR SUSTAINA… J CLEAN PROD 100 33.33333
15 TURNHEIM B;BERKHOUT F;… 2015 EVALUATING SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS PATHWAYS: BRIDGING ANALYTICAL APPR… GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE 166 33.20000
6 PATTERSON J;SCHULZ K;V… 2017 EXPLORING THE GOVERNANCE AND POLITICS OF TRANSFORMATIONS TOWARDS SUSTAIN… ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 99 33.00000
19 HARGREAVES T;HIELSCHER… 2013 GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS IN COMMUNITY ENERGY: THE ROLE OF INTERMEDIARIES I… GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE 227 32.42857
29 TRUFFER B;COENEN L 2012 ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS IN REGIONAL STUDIES REG STUD 258 32.25000
7 AVELINO F;WITTMAYER JM 2016 SHIFTING POWER RELATIONS IN SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: A MULTI-ACTOR PE… J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN 122 30.50000
28 LAWHON M;MURPHY JT 2012 SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: INSIGHTS FROM PO… PROG HUM GEOGR 240 30.00000
36 LOORBACH D;ROTMANS J 2010 THE PRACTICE OF TRANSITION MANAGEMENT: EXAMPLES AND LESSONS FROM FOUR DI… FUTURES 300 30.00000
45 VERBONG G;GEELS F 2007 THE ONGOING ENERGY TRANSITION: LESSONS FROM A SOCIO-TECHNICAL, MULTI-LEV… ENERGY POLICY 388 29.84615
31 MEADOWCROFT J 2011 ENGAGING WITH THE POLITICS OF SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 251 27.88889
16 SEYFANG G;HIELSCHER S;… 2014 A GRASSROOTS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY NICHE? REFLECTIONS ON COMMUNITY ENERGY I… ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 167 27.83333
13 SMITH A;HARGREAVES T;H… 2016 MAKING THE MOST OF COMMUNITY ENERGIES: THREE PERSPECTIVES ON GRASSROOTS … ENVIRON PLANN A 111 27.75000
46 KEMP R;LOORBACH D;ROTM… 2007 TRANSITION MANAGEMENT AS A MODEL FOR MANAGING PROCESSES OF CO-EVOLUTION … INT J SUSTAINABLE DEV WORLD ECOL 357 27.46154
10 RAVEN R;KERN F;VERHEES… 2016 NICHE CONSTRUCTION AND EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SOCIO-POLITICAL WORK. A META-… ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 108 27.00000
53 JACOBSSON S;JOHNSON A 2000 THE DIFFUSION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY: AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AN… ENERGY POLICY 536 26.80000
30 WÜSTENHAGEN R;MENICHET… 2012 STRATEGIC CHOICES FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK … ENERGY POLICY 210 26.25000

1.2.2 Seep papers and corpus size

Generally, 50 x 1000 = 50.000 documents downloaded. However, due to an overlap of publications with most shared references to seed papers, final corpus is smaller.

2 General Overview over the ST and surrounding fields

2.1 Main Indicators: Publications, Authors, Countries

To start with, a general overview over the documents in the corpus

## 
## 
## MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA
## 
##  Timespan                              1990 : 2020 
##  Sources (Journals, Books, etc)        1051 
##  Documents                             5479 
##  Average years from publication        7.93 
##  Average citations per documents       53.31 
##  Average citations per year per doc    5.247 
##  References                            288766 
##  
## DOCUMENT TYPES                     
##  article      5479 
##  
## DOCUMENT CONTENTS
##  Keywords Plus (ID)                    9155 
##  Author's Keywords (DE)                9770 
##  
## AUTHORS
##  Authors                               8496 
##  Author Appearances                    13714 
##  Authors of single-authored documents  1228 
##  Authors of multi-authored documents   7268 
##  
## AUTHORS COLLABORATION
##  Single-authored documents             1592 
##  Documents per Author                  0.645 
##  Authors per Document                  1.55 
##  Co-Authors per Documents              2.5 
##  Collaboration Index                   1.87 
##  
## 
## Annual Scientific Production
## 
##  Year    Articles
##     1990        3
##     1991        7
##     1992       14
##     1993       11
##     1994       13
##     1995       20
##     1996       42
##     1997       50
##     1998       53
##     1999       63
##     2000       71
##     2001       67
##     2002       72
##     2003       85
##     2004       96
##     2005      108
##     2006      137
##     2007      170
##     2008      192
##     2009      230
##     2010      244
##     2011      274
##     2012      355
##     2013      380
##     2014      424
##     2015      403
##     2016      423
##     2017      470
##     2018      476
##     2019      390
##     2020      136
## 
## Annual Percentage Growth Rate 13.557 
## 
## 
## Most Productive Authors
## 
##    Authors        Articles   Authors        Articles Fractionalized
## 1  GEELS FW             52 GEELS FW                            31.0
## 2  HEKKERT MP           40 SOVACOOL BK                         14.9
## 3  TRUFFER B            36 TRUFFER B                           14.8
## 4  RAVEN R              32 WONGLIMPIYARAT J                    14.5
## 5  SMITH A              31 SMITH A                             14.3
## 6  FRANTZESKAKI N       29 LEYDESDORFF L                       13.8
## 7  LOORBACH D           28 NELSON RR                           13.0
## 8  KERN F               27 HEKKERT MP                          12.7
## 9  SOVACOOL BK          27 STIRLING A                          12.6
## 10 COENEN L             26 KEMP R                              12.0
## 
## 
## Top manuscripts per citations
## 
##                                Paper            TC TCperYear
## 1  SHANE S, 2000, ACAD MANAGE REV             5320     253.3
## 2  LEONARD‐BARTON D, 1992, STRATEGIC MANAGE J 3416     117.8
## 3  ETZKOWITZ H, 2000, RES POLICY              2863     136.3
## 4  LAURSEN K, 2006, STRATEGIC MANAGE J        2736     182.4
## 5  SPENDER J-C, 1996, STRATEGIC MANAGE J      2372      94.9
## 6  GEELS FW, 2002, RES POLICY                 2352     123.8
## 7  SHANE S, 2000, ORGAN SCI                   2116     100.8
## 8  GEELS FW, 2007, RES POLICY                 1845     131.8
## 9  HARGADON A, 1997, ADM SCI Q                1499      62.5
## 10 GEELS FW, 2004, RES POLICY                 1467      86.3
## 
## 
## Corresponding Author's Countries
## 
##           Country Articles   Freq SCP MCP MCP_Ratio
## 1  UNITED KINGDOM      731 0.1937 589 142     0.194
## 2  NETHERLANDS         537 0.1423 410 127     0.236
## 3  USA                 450 0.1193 374  76     0.169
## 4  GERMANY             257 0.0681 177  80     0.311
## 5  SWEDEN              217 0.0575 152  65     0.300
## 6  ITALY               162 0.0429 125  37     0.228
## 7  AUSTRALIA           133 0.0353 104  29     0.218
## 8  CANADA              117 0.0310  90  27     0.231
## 9  DENMARK             116 0.0307  89  27     0.233
## 10 FINLAND              97 0.0257  75  22     0.227
## 
## 
## SCP: Single Country Publications
## 
## MCP: Multiple Country Publications
## 
## 
## Total Citations per Country
## 
##      Country      Total Citations Average Article Citations
## 1  UNITED KINGDOM           56396                     77.15
## 2  USA                      52875                    117.50
## 3  NETHERLANDS              33733                     62.82
## 4  SWEDEN                   14281                     65.81
## 5  GERMANY                  10052                     39.11
## 6  ITALY                     7669                     47.34
## 7  CANADA                    6514                     55.68
## 8  DENMARK                   6117                     52.73
## 9  AUSTRALIA                 5715                     42.97
## 10 SWITZERLAND               5514                     61.27
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Sources
## 
##                                       Sources        Articles
## 1  ENERGY POLICY                                          267
## 2  RESEARCH POLICY                                        265
## 3  TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE            237
## 4  JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION                          196
## 5  ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS      190
## 6  ENERGY RESEARCH AND SOCIAL SCIENCE                     187
## 7  SUSTAINABILITY (SWITZERLAND)                           133
## 8  TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT           127
## 9  ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY                                    105
## 10 EUROPEAN PLANNING STUDIES                               82
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Keywords
## 
##     Author Keywords (DE)      Articles    Keywords-Plus (ID)     Articles
## 1  INNOVATION                      398 INNOVATION                    1125
## 2  SUSTAINABILITY                  271 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT        661
## 3  SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS      200 SUSTAINABILITY                 652
## 4  CLIMATE CHANGE                  193 CLIMATE CHANGE                 506
## 5  GOVERNANCE                      191 ENERGY POLICY                  443
## 6  RENEWABLE ENERGY                146 GOVERNANCE APPROACH            409
## 7  TRANSITION                      145 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT      323
## 8  MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE         132 UNITED KINGDOM                 301
## 9  TRANSITIONS                     127 EUROPE                         262
## 10 TRANSITION MANAGEMENT           125 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK           248

2.2 Cited references

Top 20 cited references:

CR n
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RES. POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274 211
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417 206
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28, PP. 817-830 171
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3 (1), PP. 15-31 169
MARKARD, J., RAVEN, R., TRUFFER, B., SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 955-967 164
COHEN, W.M., LEVINTHAL, D.A., ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION (1990) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 35, PP. 128-152 151
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162 147
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274 138
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31 (8-9), PP. 1257-1274 118
WARDE, A., CONSUMPTION AND THEORIES OF PRACTICE (2005) JOURNAL OF CONSUMER CULTURE, 5 (2), PP. 131-153 114
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3, PP. 15-31 112
SMITH, A., RAVEN, R., WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 1025-1036 111
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28 (12), PP. 817-830 111
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES: A SUGGESTED INTERPRETATION OF THE DETERMINANTS AND DIRECTIONS OF TECHNICAL CHANGE (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162 109
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417 108
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28, PP. 31-56 107
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417 107
TUSHMAN, M.L., ANDERSON, P., TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 31, PP. 439-465 106
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417 105
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28 (1), PP. 31-56 102

2.3 Conceptual trajectories: Historical citation path analysis

## 
##  Legend
## 
##                                                                 Label Year LCS  GCS
## 1                                         MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY 2012 449 1033
## 2                                           TRUFFER B, 2012, REG STUD 2012 123  258
## 3                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  62  235
## 4                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  21   63
## 5   KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019  27  123
## 6                                     LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD 2017  10  100
## 7                                  ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  13   74
## 8                                  ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  10   27
## 9                                         KIVIMAA P, 2019, RES POLICY 2019  14   58
## 10                                       TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2    5
## 11                                       TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    4
## 12                                 FASTENRATH S, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY 2018   2    5
## 13                                     EDMONDSON DL, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   3   26
## 14                             WIECZOREK AJ, 2018, ENVIRON SCI POLICY 2018  11   30
## 15 TORRENS J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019   2    4
## 16                                        HUANG P, 2018, J CLEAN PROD 2018   2    5
## 17                                        HUANG P, 2018, J CLEAN PROD 2018   4   18
## 18                                          RAKAS M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2    4
## 19                                        DIERCKS G, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    2
## 20                                        DIERCKS G, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2   14
## 21                                  SCHLAILE MP, 2017, SUSTAINABILITY 2017   6   33
## 22                                   ZOLFAGHARIAN M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    2
## 23                                     BATINGE B, 2019, ENERGY POLICY 2019   0    6
## 24   GOYAL N, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1
## 25                              JOHNSTONE P, 2020, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2020   0    1
## 26                              JOHNSTONE P, 2020, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2020   0    1
## 27 GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1
## 28                                      STRAMBACH S, 2020, RES POLICY 2020   0    1
## IGRAPH 406b4f1 DN-- 22 37 -- 
## + attr: name (v/c), id (v/c), size (v/n), years (v/n), color (e/c)
## + edges from 406b4f1 (vertex names):
## [1] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 
## [2] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD                                   
## [3] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI                                
## [4] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->KIVIMAA P, 2019, RES POLICY                                       
## [5] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY                                      
## [6] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->FASTENRATH S, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY                                
## [7] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->EDMONDSON DL, 2019, RES POLICY                                    
## [8] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->WIECZOREK AJ, 2018, ENVIRON SCI POLICY                            
## + ... omitted several edges

2.3.1 Authors, Themes & Journals

3 Topic modelling

I by now created some topic modelling. The results are now more fine-tuned, but there is still room for some improvement. We ran a LDA on the titles + abstracts of our corpus, aiming at identifying 10 topics (some different numbers of topics to generate shows that 10 result in good results, more topics lead to too much overlap between them)

3.1 Topics by topwords

This might still be finetuned, but initially doesnt look that bad I think. All the topics for me seem to be somewhat identifiable. We should maybe start naming them to make their interpretation later easier.

3.2 Topics over time

3.3 LDAViz

Here you find a nice way of exploring topics via the LDAVIz methodology of visulizing the result of an LDA. It dispolays all topics in a 2 dimensional TSNE (similar to PCA, but optimized for graphical illustration in 2d), and also gives a nice visual representation over the topics top-word distribution and overall frequencies of this words in the corpus. The \(\lambda\) parameter regulates the importance-ordering of the topwords. High \(\lambda\) order words by the highest propability to appear in the topic to the lowest (independent of the overall word popularity in the corpus), whle low \(\lambda\) emphasize words which are very specific to the topic, and rarely appear in others.

Play a bit around. Since it would be here a bit condensed, better check it out HERE in fullscreen for a better overview.

4 Knowledge Bases: Co-Citation network analysis

Note: This analysis refers the co-citation analysis, where the cited references and not the original publications are the unit of analysis. See tab Technical descriptionfor additional explanations

4.1 Knowledge Bases summary

4.1.1 Main Indicators

In order to partition networks into components or clusters, we deploy a community detection technique based on the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). The Lovain Algorithm is a heuristic method that attempts to optimize the modularity of communities within a network by maximizing within- and minimizing between-community connectivity. We identify the following communities = knowledge bases.

It is not the main focus of this exercise, but still informative to see which historical knowledge the fields draws from.

NOTE: Up to now I only report the most central members per community

com name dgr_int dgr
1 GEELS F.W. TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PER… 8385 11308
1 GEELS F.W. SCHOT J. TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) 7461 9064
1 KEMP R. SCHOT J. HOOGMA R. REGIME SHIFTS TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH PROCESSES OF NICHE FORMATION: … 6806 9237
1 MARKARD J. RAVEN R. TRUFFER B. SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS … 6150 7941
1 RIP A. KEMP R. TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE (1998) 6011 7972
1 SMITH A. STIRLING A. BERKHOUT F. THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (2005) 5391 6617
1 SMITH A. RAVEN R. WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY… 4976 5752
1 GEELS F.W. THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: RESPONSES TO SEVEN CRITICIS… 4447 4933
1 SCHOT J. GEELS F.W. STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY FINDIN… 3767 4330
1 GEELS F.W. FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS ABOUT DYNAMIC… 3728 4866
2 NELSON R.R. WINTER S.G. (1982) 4812 6148
2 FREEMAN C. (1987) 2811 3859
2 NELSON R. WINTER S. (1982) 2626 2817
2 ROSENBERG N. (1982) 2607 2936
2 DOSI G. TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982) 2406 3102
2 VON HIPPEL E. (1988) 2139 2376
2 TUSHMAN M.L. ANDERSON P. TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986) 2135 2381
2 NELSON R.R. (1993) 2037 2615
2 EDQUIST C. (1997) 1991 2510
2 SCHUMPETER J.A. (1934) 1967 2084
3 BERGEK A. JACOBSSON S. CARLSSON B. LINDMARK S. RICKNE A. ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TEC… 2406 5238
3 CARLSSON B. STANKIEWICZ R. ON THE NATURE FUNCTION AND COMPOSITION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (1991) 1965 4579
3 MARKARD J. TRUFFER B. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARDS A… 1651 4771
3 JACOBSSON S. BERGEK A. TRANSFORMING THE ENERGY SECTOR: THE EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS IN … 1375 2545
3 HEKKERT M.P. SUURS R.A.A. NEGRO S.O. KUHLMANN S. SMITS R.E.H.M. FUNCTIONS OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS: … 1199 2701
3 JACOBSSON S. JOHNSON A. THE DIFFUSION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY: AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AND… 1181 2453
3 MALERBA F. SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION (2002) 990 2738
3 JACOBSSON S. BERGEK A. INNOVATION SYSTEM ANALYSES AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: CONTRIBUTIONS A… 903 1621
3 CARLSSON B. JACOBSSON S. HOLMÉN M. RICKNE A. INNOVATION SYSTEMS: ANALYTICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL IS… 642 1142
3 WIECZOREK A.J. HEKKERT M.P. SYSTEMIC INSTRUMENTS FOR SYSTEMIC INNOVATION PROBLEMS: A FRAMEWORK FO… 494 775

4.1.2 Development of Knowledge Bases

4.2 Technical description

In a co-cittion network, the strength of the relationship between a reference pair \(m\) and \(n\) (\(s_{m,n}^{coc}\)) is expressed by the number of publications \(C\) which are jointly citing reference \(m\) and \(n\).

\[s_{m,n}^{coc} = \sum_i c_{i,m} c_{i,n}\]

The intuition here is that references which are frequently cited together are likely to share commonalities in theory, topic, methodology, or context. It can be interpreted as a measure of similarity as evaluated by other researchers that decide to jointly cite both references. Because the publication process is time-consuming, co-citation is a backward-looking measure, which is appropriate to map the relationship between core literature of a field.

5 Research Areas: Bibliographic coupling analysis

This is arguably the more interesting part. Here, we identify the literature’s current knowledge frontier by carrying out a bibliographic coupling analysis of the publications in our corpus. This measure uses bibliographical information of publications to establish a similarity relationship between them. Again, method details to be found in the tab Technical description. As you will see, we identify the more narrow research community of Sustainability Transitions (in which we will zoom in later), but also a set of adjacent research areas with some theoretical/methodological/application overlap.

5.1 Research Areas main summary

5.1.1 Main Characteristics

To identify communities in the field’s knowledge frontier (labeled research areas) we again use the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). We identify the following communities = research areas.

5.1.2 Categorization

I up to now gain only provide the 10 most central articles, which can be used to classify them

com_name AU PY TI J9 dgr_int TC TC_year
1 LAURSEN K;SALTER A 2006 OPEN FOR INNOVATION: THE ROLE OF OPENNESS IN EXPLAINING INNOVATION PERFORMANCE AMONG U.K. MANUFAC… STRATEGIC MANAGE J 1406 2736 195.42857
1 GEELS FW 2004 FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS ABOUT DYNAMICS AND CHANG… RES POLICY 2164 1467 91.68750
1 SPENDER J-C 1996 MAKING KNOWLEDGE THE BASIS OF A DYNAMIC THEORY OF THE FIRM STRATEGIC MANAGE J 1098 2372 98.83333
1 ETZKOWITZ H;LEYDESDORFF L 2000 THE DYNAMICS OF INNOVATION: FROM NATIONAL SYSTEMS AND "“MODE 2”" TO A TRIPLE HELIX OF UNIVERSITY-… RES POLICY 756 2863 143.15000
1 MALERBA F 2002 SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION RES POLICY 1844 1110 61.66667
1 SHANE S;VENKATARAMAN S 2000 THE PROMISE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A FIELD OF RESEARCH ACAD MANAGE REV 378 5320 266.00000
1 GARUD R;KARNØE P 2003 BRICOLAGE VERSUS BREAKTHROUGH: DISTRIBUTED AND EMBEDDED AGENCY IN TECHNOLOGY ENTREPRENEURSHIP RES POLICY 2004 813 47.82353
1 BAKER T;NELSON RE 2005 CREATING SOMETHING FROM NOTHING: RESOURCE CONSTRUCTION THROUGH ENTREPRENEURIAL BRICOLAGE ADM SCI Q 1079 1372 91.46667
1 BERGEK A;JACOBSSON S;C… 2008 ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A SCHEME OF ANALYSIS RES POLICY 1689 826 68.83333
1 UNRUH GC 2000 UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN ENERGY POLICY 1016 1232 61.60000
2 MARKARD J;RAVEN R;TRUF… 2012 SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS RES POLICY 7369 1033 129.12500
2 GEELS FW;SCHOT J 2007 TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS RES POLICY 2447 1845 141.92308
2 SCHOT J;GEELS FW 2008 STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY, FINDINGS, RESEARCH AGENDA… TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE 2824 787 65.58333
2 SMITH A;RAVEN R 2012 WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY RES POLICY 2751 641 80.12500
2 MARKARD J;TRUFFER B 2008 TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK RES POLICY 3131 547 45.58333
2 COENEN L;BENNEWORTH P;… 2012 TOWARD A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS RES POLICY 3323 471 58.87500
2 KIVIMAA P;KERN F 2016 CREATIVE DESTRUCTION OR MERE NICHE SUPPORT? INNOVATION POLICY MIXES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS RES POLICY 5149 245 61.25000
2 FUENFSCHILLING L;TRUFF… 2014 THE STRUCTURATION OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES - CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FROM INSTITUTIONAL THEORY RES POLICY 4819 239 39.83333
2 WEBER KM;ROHRACHER H 2012 LEGITIMIZING RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMATIVE CHANGE: COMBINING IN… RES POLICY 3780 293 36.62500
2 TRUFFER B;COENEN L 2012 ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS IN REGIONAL STUDIES REG STUD 3374 258 32.25000
3 SHOVE E 2010 BEYOND THE ABC: CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE ENVIRON PLANN A 2424 1089 108.90000
3 STIRLING A 2008 "“OPENING UP”" AND "“CLOSING DOWN”": POWER, PARTICIPATION, AND PLURALISM IN THE SOCIAL APPRAISAL … SCI TECHNOL HUM VALUES 2958 716 59.66667
3 FOLKE C;CARPENTER SR;W… 2010 RESILIENCE THINKING: INTEGRATING RESILIENCE, ADAPTABILITY AND TRANSFORMABILITY ECOL SOC 1231 1402 140.20000
3 NELSON DR;ADGER WN;BRO… 2007 ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: CONTRIBUTIONS OF A RESILIENCE FRAMEWORK ANNU REV ENVIRON RESOUR 1628 971 74.69231
3 CARRILLO-HERMOSILLA J;… 2010 DIVERSITY OF ECO-INNOVATIONS: REFLECTIONS FROM SELECTED CASE STUDIES J CLEAN PROD 3213 366 36.60000
3 HARGREAVES T 2011 PRACTICE-ING BEHAVIOUR CHANGE: APPLYING SOCIAL PRACTICE THEORY TO PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR CHANGE J CONSUM CULT 3018 381 42.33333
3 SEYFANG G;SMITH A 2007 GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: TOWARDS A NEW RESEARCH AND POLICY AGENDA ENVIRON POLIT 1523 686 52.76923
3 WHITMARSH L;O’NEILL S 2010 GREEN IDENTITY, GREEN LIVING? THE ROLE OF PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SELF-IDENTITY IN DETERMINING CONSISTE… J ENVIRON PSYCHOL 1867 530 53.00000
3 MEADOWCROFT J 2009 WHAT ABOUT THE POLITICS? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TRANSITION MANAGEMENT, AND LONG TERM ENERGY TRA… POLICY SCI 2167 425 38.63636
3 LOORBACH D 2010 TRANSITION MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A PRESCRIPTIVE, COMPLEXITY-BASED GOVERNANCE FR… GOVERNANCE 1464 612 61.20000
4 STILGOE J;OWEN R;MACNA… 2013 DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK FOR RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION RES POLICY 2330 718 102.57143
4 WISE RM;FAZEY I;STAFFO… 2014 RECONCEPTUALISING ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AS PART OF PATHWAYS OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE 2014 405 67.50000
4 BULKELEY H;CASTÁN BROTO V 2013 GOVERNMENT BY EXPERIMENT? GLOBAL CITIES AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE TRANS INST BR GEOGR 1692 397 56.71429
4 BRIDGE G;BOUZAROVSKI S… 2013 GEOGRAPHIES OF ENERGY TRANSITION: SPACE, PLACE AND THE LOW-CARBON ECONOMY ENERGY POLICY 1348 421 60.14286
4 CASTÁN BROTO V;BULKELEY H 2013 A SURVEY OF URBAN CLIMATE CHANGE EXPERIMENTS IN 100 CITIES GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE 1480 380 54.28571
4 BOONS F;MONTALVO C;QUI… 2013 SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, BUSINESS MODELS AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: AN OVERVIEW J CLEAN PROD 1366 384 54.85714
4 ABAS N;KALAIR A;KHAN N 2015 REVIEW OF FOSSIL FUELS AND FUTURE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES FUTURES 2307 200 40.00000
4 SEYFANG G;PARK JJ;SMITH A 2013 A THOUSAND FLOWERS BLOOMING? AN EXAMINATION OF COMMUNITY ENERGY IN THE UK ENERGY POLICY 2065 222 31.71429
4 GEELS FW;KERN F;FUCHS … 2016 THE ENACTMENT OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS: A REFORMULATED TYPOLOGY AND A COMPARATIVE M… RES POLICY 1726 239 59.75000
4 ARAÚJO K 2014 THE EMERGING FIELD OF ENERGY TRANSITIONS: PROGRESS, CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2500 142 23.66667
5 FOLKE C 2016 RESILIENCE (REPUBLISHED) ECOL SOC 1178 120 30.00000
5 CHAFFIN BC;GOSNELL H;C… 2014 A DECADE OF ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE SCHOLARSHIP: SYNTHESIS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS ECOL SOC 568 217 36.16667
5 OLSSON P;GUNDERSON LH;… 2006 SHOOTING THE RAPIDS: NAVIGATING TRANSITIONS TO ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ECOL SOC 149 752 53.71429
5 OLSSON L;JERNECK A;THO… 2015 WHY RESILIENCE IS UNAPPEALING TO SOCIAL SCIENCE: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE … SCI ADV 413 199 39.80000
5 WESTLEY FR;TJORNBO O;S… 2013 A THEORY OF TRANSFORMATIVE AGENCY IN LINKED SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ECOL SOC 325 248 35.42857
5 PARK SE;MARSHALL NA;JA… 2012 INFORMING ADAPTATION RESPONSES TO CLIMATE CHANGE THROUGH THEORIES OF TRANSFORMATION GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE 269 270 33.75000
5 FABINYI M;EVANS L;FOAL… 2014 SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, SOCIAL DIVERSITY, AND POWER: INSIGHTS FROM ANTHROPOLOGY AND POLITICAL … ECOL SOC 547 125 20.83333
5 MCGINNIS MD;OSTROM E 2014 SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM FRAMEWORK: INITIAL CHANGES AND CONTINUING CHALLENGES ECOL SOC 146 401 66.83333
5 CHAFFIN BC;GARMESTANI … 2016 TRANSFORMATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE ANNU REV ENVIRON RESOUR 482 73 18.25000
5 WILKINSON C 2012 SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE: INSIGHTS AND ISSUES FOR PLANNING THEORY PLANNING THEORY 227 150 18.75000

5.1.3 Development

We again see quite some dynamics….

5.1.4 Connectivity between the research areas

5.1.5 Technical description

In a bibliographic coupling network, the coupling-strength between publications is determined by the number of commonly cited references they share, assuming a common pool of references to indicate similarity in context, methods, or theory. Formally, the strength of the relationship between a publication pair \(i\) and \(j\) (\(s_{i,j}^{bib}\)) is expressed by the number of commonly cited references.

\[ s_{i,j}^{bib} = \sum_m c_{i,m} c_{j,m} \]

Since our corpus contains publications which differ strongly in terms of the number of cited references, we normalize the coupling strength by the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Here, we weight the intercept of two publications’ bibliography (shared refeences) by their union (number of all references cited by either \(i\) or \(j\)). It is bounded between zero and one, where one indicates the two publications to have an identical bibliography, and zero that they do not share any cited reference. Thereby, we prevent publications from having high coupling strength due to a large bibliography (e.g., literature surveys).

\[ S_{i,j}^{jac-bib} =\frac{C(i \cap j)}{C(i \cup j)} = \frac{s_{i,j}^{bib}}{c_i + c_j - s_{i,j}^{bib}} \]

More recent articles have a higher pool of possible references to co-cite to, hence they are more likely to be coupled. Consequently, bibliographic coupling represents a forward looking measure, and the method of choice to identify the current knowledge frontier at the point of analysis.