1 Initial Corpus generation

1.1 Corpus Creation

Scopus download of documents retrieved from search string from Markard et al. (2012). Limited to LANGUAGE = ENGLISH AND TYPE = (ARTICLE).
Selecting “seed” publications. 1% most cited per year. Ex-post manual exclusion. Results in 53 seed papers
Retrieving for each seed 1000 publications with most shared references. Again, same limitations as in step 1.
Adittional ex. post filtering. First, based on citations recieved and connectivity in bibliographic coupling network. Namely, I excluded edges in the bottom 10% quantile of the weight distribution (Jaccard weighted), also unconnected and nodes in the bottom 10% of the degree distribution. Lastly,after the community detection exercise, I excluded nodes in communities of less than 500 members.

That leads to an overall corpus size of:

## Number of unique publications in the final corpus:  5479

1.2 Seed Paper

In the following, we more in detail investigate the seed papers.

1.2.1 List of all seed papers

NOTE: NEEDS BETTER FORMAT

## 
## Converting your scopus collection into a bibliographic dataframe
## 
## Done!
## 
## 
## Generating affiliation field tag AU_UN from C1:  Done!

NR	AU	PY	TI	J9	TC	TC_year
44	GEELS FW;SCHOT J	2007	TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS	RES POLICY	1841	141.61538
52	GEELS FW	2002	TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A M…	RES POLICY	2345	130.27778
25	MARKARD J;RAVEN R;TRUF…	2012	SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS	RES POLICY	1029	128.62500
1	KÖHLER J;GEELS FW;KERN…	2019	AN AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS RESEARCH: STATE OF THE ART AND …	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	122	122.00000
32	SHOVE E	2010	BEYOND THE ABC: CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE	ENVIRON PLANN A	1088	108.80000
50	GEELS FW	2004	FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS…	RES POLICY	1465	91.56250
43	HEKKERT MP;SUURS RAA;N…	2007	FUNCTIONS OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A NEW APPROACH FOR ANALYSING TECHNOLOGI…	TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE	1039	79.92308
23	SMITH A;RAVEN R	2012	WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAIN…	RES POLICY	638	79.75000
42	BERGEK A;JACOBSSON S;C…	2008	ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A…	RES POLICY	824	68.66667
49	SMITH A;STIRLING A;BER…	2005	THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	1023	68.20000
40	SCHOT J;GEELS FW	2008	STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY, …	TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE	787	65.58333
35	GEELS FW	2010	ONTOLOGIES, SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (TO SUSTAINABILITY), AND THE MUL…	RES POLICY	639	63.90000
3	SCHOT J;STEINMUELLER WE	2018	THREE FRAMES FOR INNOVATION POLICY: R&D, SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND TRANS…	RES POLICY	124	62.00000
38	LOORBACH D	2010	TRANSITION MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A PRESCRIPTIVE, COMPL…	GOVERNANCE	612	61.20000
54	KEMP R;SCHOT J;HOOGMA R	1998	REGIME SHIFTS TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH PROCESSES OF NICHE FORMATION: TH…	TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE	1344	61.09091
12	KIVIMAA P;KERN F	2016	CREATIVE DESTRUCTION OR MERE NICHE SUPPORT? INNOVATION POLICY MIXES FOR …	RES POLICY	242	60.50000
9	GEELS FW;KERN F;FUCHS …	2016	THE ENACTMENT OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS: A REFORMULATED TYP…	RES POLICY	236	59.00000
11	SOVACOOL BK	2016	HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE? CONCEPTUALIZING THE TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF ENERGY T…	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	235	58.75000
26	COENEN L;BENNEWORTH P;…	2012	TOWARD A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	469	58.62500
2	KIVIMAA P;BOON W;HYYSA…	2019	TOWARDS A TYPOLOGY OF INTERMEDIARIES IN SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: A SY…	RES POLICY	57	57.00000
21	BULKELEY H;CASTÁN BROTO V	2013	GOVERNMENT BY EXPERIMENT? GLOBAL CITIES AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE	TRANS INST BR GEOGR	397	56.71429
8	ROGGE KS;REICHARDT K	2016	POLICY MIXES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EXTENDED CONCEPT AND FRA…	RES POLICY	224	56.00000
27	SEYFANG G;HAXELTINE A	2012	GROWING GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED IN…	ENVIRON PLANN C GOV POLICY	396	49.50000
51	GARUD R;KARNØE P	2003	BRICOLAGE VERSUS BREAKTHROUGH: DISTRIBUTED AND EMBEDDED AGENCY IN TECHNO…	RES POLICY	813	47.82353
41	MARKARD J;TRUFFER B	2008	TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARD…	RES POLICY	546	45.50000
22	GEELS FW	2012	A SOCIO-TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF LOW-CARBON TRANSITIONS: INTRODUCING THE MU…	J TRANSP GEOGR	353	44.12500
14	HANSEN T;COENEN L	2015	THE GEOGRAPHY OF SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: REVIEW, SYNTHESIS AND REFLE…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	219	43.80000
4	CHERP A;VINICHENKO V;J…	2018	INTEGRATING TECHNO-ECONOMIC, SOCIO-TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL PERSPECTIVES …	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	86	43.00000
47	JACOBSSON S;LAUBER V	2006	THE POLITICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION - EXPLAINING THE…	ENERGY POLICY	576	41.14286
34	SHOVE E;WALKER G	2010	GOVERNING TRANSITIONS IN THE SUSTAINABILITY OF EVERYDAY LIFE	RES POLICY	408	40.80000
18	FUENFSCHILLING L;TRUFF…	2014	THE STRUCTURATION OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES - CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FR…	RES POLICY	238	39.66667
33	HODSON M;MARVIN S	2010	CAN CITIES SHAPE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS AND HOW WOULD WE KNOW IF TH…	RES POLICY	387	38.70000
48	GEELS FW	2005	TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AND SYSTEM INNOVATIONS: A CO-EVOLUTIONARY AND …	TECHNOL TRANS AND SYSTEM INNOVA: A CO-EVOL AND SOCIO-TECH ANAL	577	38.46667
39	MEADOWCROFT J	2009	WHAT ABOUT THE POLITICS? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TRANSITION MANAGEMENT,…	POLICY SCI	423	38.45455
17	STIRLING A	2014	TRANSFORMING POWER: SOCIAL SCIENCE AND THE POLITICS OF ENERGY CHOICES	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	222	37.00000
24	WEBER KM;ROHRACHER H	2012	LEGITIMIZING RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMA…	RES POLICY	291	36.37500
20	NEVENS F;FRANTZESKAKI …	2013	URBAN TRANSITION LABS: CO-CREATING TRANSFORMATIVE ACTION FOR SUSTAINABLE…	J CLEAN PROD	248	35.42857
37	SMITH A;STIRLING A	2010	THE POLITICS OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHN…	ECOL SOC	335	33.50000
5	LUEDERITZ C;SCHÄPKE N;…	2017	LEARNING THROUGH EVALUATION – A TENTATIVE EVALUATIVE SCHEME FOR SUSTAINA…	J CLEAN PROD	100	33.33333
15	TURNHEIM B;BERKHOUT F;…	2015	EVALUATING SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS PATHWAYS: BRIDGING ANALYTICAL APPR…	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	166	33.20000
6	PATTERSON J;SCHULZ K;V…	2017	EXPLORING THE GOVERNANCE AND POLITICS OF TRANSFORMATIONS TOWARDS SUSTAIN…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	99	33.00000
19	HARGREAVES T;HIELSCHER…	2013	GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS IN COMMUNITY ENERGY: THE ROLE OF INTERMEDIARIES I…	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	227	32.42857
29	TRUFFER B;COENEN L	2012	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS IN REGIONAL STUDIES	REG STUD	258	32.25000
7	AVELINO F;WITTMAYER JM	2016	SHIFTING POWER RELATIONS IN SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: A MULTI-ACTOR PE…	J ENVIRON POLICY PLANN	122	30.50000
28	LAWHON M;MURPHY JT	2012	SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: INSIGHTS FROM PO…	PROG HUM GEOGR	240	30.00000
36	LOORBACH D;ROTMANS J	2010	THE PRACTICE OF TRANSITION MANAGEMENT: EXAMPLES AND LESSONS FROM FOUR DI…	FUTURES	300	30.00000
45	VERBONG G;GEELS F	2007	THE ONGOING ENERGY TRANSITION: LESSONS FROM A SOCIO-TECHNICAL, MULTI-LEV…	ENERGY POLICY	388	29.84615
31	MEADOWCROFT J	2011	ENGAGING WITH THE POLITICS OF SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	251	27.88889
16	SEYFANG G;HIELSCHER S;…	2014	A GRASSROOTS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY NICHE? REFLECTIONS ON COMMUNITY ENERGY I…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	167	27.83333
13	SMITH A;HARGREAVES T;H…	2016	MAKING THE MOST OF COMMUNITY ENERGIES: THREE PERSPECTIVES ON GRASSROOTS …	ENVIRON PLANN A	111	27.75000
46	KEMP R;LOORBACH D;ROTM…	2007	TRANSITION MANAGEMENT AS A MODEL FOR MANAGING PROCESSES OF CO-EVOLUTION …	INT J SUSTAINABLE DEV WORLD ECOL	357	27.46154
10	RAVEN R;KERN F;VERHEES…	2016	NICHE CONSTRUCTION AND EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SOCIO-POLITICAL WORK. A META-…	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS	108	27.00000
53	JACOBSSON S;JOHNSON A	2000	THE DIFFUSION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY: AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AN…	ENERGY POLICY	536	26.80000
30	WÜSTENHAGEN R;MENICHET…	2012	STRATEGIC CHOICES FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK …	ENERGY POLICY	210	26.25000

1.2.2 Seep papers and corpus size

Generally, 50 x 1000 = 50.000 documents downloaded. However, due to an overlap of publications with most shared references to seed papers, final corpus is smaller.

2 General Overview over the ST and surrounding fields

2.1 Main Indicators: Publications, Authors, Countries

To start with, a general overview over the documents in the corpus

## 
## 
## MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA
## 
##  Timespan                              1990 : 2020 
##  Sources (Journals, Books, etc)        1051 
##  Documents                             5479 
##  Average years from publication        7.93 
##  Average citations per documents       53.31 
##  Average citations per year per doc    5.247 
##  References                            288766 
##  
## DOCUMENT TYPES                     
##  article      5479 
##  
## DOCUMENT CONTENTS
##  Keywords Plus (ID)                    9155 
##  Author's Keywords (DE)                9770 
##  
## AUTHORS
##  Authors                               8496 
##  Author Appearances                    13714 
##  Authors of single-authored documents  1228 
##  Authors of multi-authored documents   7268 
##  
## AUTHORS COLLABORATION
##  Single-authored documents             1592 
##  Documents per Author                  0.645 
##  Authors per Document                  1.55 
##  Co-Authors per Documents              2.5 
##  Collaboration Index                   1.87 
##  
## 
## Annual Scientific Production
## 
##  Year    Articles
##     1990        3
##     1991        7
##     1992       14
##     1993       11
##     1994       13
##     1995       20
##     1996       42
##     1997       50
##     1998       53
##     1999       63
##     2000       71
##     2001       67
##     2002       72
##     2003       85
##     2004       96
##     2005      108
##     2006      137
##     2007      170
##     2008      192
##     2009      230
##     2010      244
##     2011      274
##     2012      355
##     2013      380
##     2014      424
##     2015      403
##     2016      423
##     2017      470
##     2018      476
##     2019      390
##     2020      136
## 
## Annual Percentage Growth Rate 13.557 
## 
## 
## Most Productive Authors
## 
##    Authors        Articles   Authors        Articles Fractionalized
## 1  GEELS FW             52 GEELS FW                            31.0
## 2  HEKKERT MP           40 SOVACOOL BK                         14.9
## 3  TRUFFER B            36 TRUFFER B                           14.8
## 4  RAVEN R              32 WONGLIMPIYARAT J                    14.5
## 5  SMITH A              31 SMITH A                             14.3
## 6  FRANTZESKAKI N       29 LEYDESDORFF L                       13.8
## 7  LOORBACH D           28 NELSON RR                           13.0
## 8  KERN F               27 HEKKERT MP                          12.7
## 9  SOVACOOL BK          27 STIRLING A                          12.6
## 10 COENEN L             26 KEMP R                              12.0
## 
## 
## Top manuscripts per citations
## 
##                                Paper            TC TCperYear
## 1  SHANE S, 2000, ACAD MANAGE REV             5320     253.3
## 2  LEONARD‐BARTON D, 1992, STRATEGIC MANAGE J 3416     117.8
## 3  ETZKOWITZ H, 2000, RES POLICY              2863     136.3
## 4  LAURSEN K, 2006, STRATEGIC MANAGE J        2736     182.4
## 5  SPENDER J-C, 1996, STRATEGIC MANAGE J      2372      94.9
## 6  GEELS FW, 2002, RES POLICY                 2352     123.8
## 7  SHANE S, 2000, ORGAN SCI                   2116     100.8
## 8  GEELS FW, 2007, RES POLICY                 1845     131.8
## 9  HARGADON A, 1997, ADM SCI Q                1499      62.5
## 10 GEELS FW, 2004, RES POLICY                 1467      86.3
## 
## 
## Corresponding Author's Countries
## 
##           Country Articles   Freq SCP MCP MCP_Ratio
## 1  UNITED KINGDOM      731 0.1937 589 142     0.194
## 2  NETHERLANDS         537 0.1423 410 127     0.236
## 3  USA                 450 0.1193 374  76     0.169
## 4  GERMANY             257 0.0681 177  80     0.311
## 5  SWEDEN              217 0.0575 152  65     0.300
## 6  ITALY               162 0.0429 125  37     0.228
## 7  AUSTRALIA           133 0.0353 104  29     0.218
## 8  CANADA              117 0.0310  90  27     0.231
## 9  DENMARK             116 0.0307  89  27     0.233
## 10 FINLAND              97 0.0257  75  22     0.227
## 
## 
## SCP: Single Country Publications
## 
## MCP: Multiple Country Publications
## 
## 
## Total Citations per Country
## 
##      Country      Total Citations Average Article Citations
## 1  UNITED KINGDOM           56396                     77.15
## 2  USA                      52875                    117.50
## 3  NETHERLANDS              33733                     62.82
## 4  SWEDEN                   14281                     65.81
## 5  GERMANY                  10052                     39.11
## 6  ITALY                     7669                     47.34
## 7  CANADA                    6514                     55.68
## 8  DENMARK                   6117                     52.73
## 9  AUSTRALIA                 5715                     42.97
## 10 SWITZERLAND               5514                     61.27
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Sources
## 
##                                       Sources        Articles
## 1  ENERGY POLICY                                          267
## 2  RESEARCH POLICY                                        265
## 3  TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE            237
## 4  JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION                          196
## 5  ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS      190
## 6  ENERGY RESEARCH AND SOCIAL SCIENCE                     187
## 7  SUSTAINABILITY (SWITZERLAND)                           133
## 8  TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT           127
## 9  ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY                                    105
## 10 EUROPEAN PLANNING STUDIES                               82
## 
## 
## Most Relevant Keywords
## 
##     Author Keywords (DE)      Articles    Keywords-Plus (ID)     Articles
## 1  INNOVATION                      398 INNOVATION                    1125
## 2  SUSTAINABILITY                  271 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT        661
## 3  SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS      200 SUSTAINABILITY                 652
## 4  CLIMATE CHANGE                  193 CLIMATE CHANGE                 506
## 5  GOVERNANCE                      191 ENERGY POLICY                  443
## 6  RENEWABLE ENERGY                146 GOVERNANCE APPROACH            409
## 7  TRANSITION                      145 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT      323
## 8  MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE         132 UNITED KINGDOM                 301
## 9  TRANSITIONS                     127 EUROPE                         262
## 10 TRANSITION MANAGEMENT           125 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK           248

2.2 Cited references

Top 20 cited references:

CR	n
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RES. POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274	211
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417	206
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28, PP. 817-830	171
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3 (1), PP. 15-31	169
MARKARD, J., RAVEN, R., TRUFFER, B., SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 955-967	164
COHEN, W.M., LEVINTHAL, D.A., ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION (1990) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 35, PP. 128-152	151
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162	147
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31, PP. 1257-1274	138
GEELS, F.W., TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE AND A CASE-STUDY (2002) RESEARCH POLICY, 31 (8-9), PP. 1257-1274	118
WARDE, A., CONSUMPTION AND THEORIES OF PRACTICE (2005) JOURNAL OF CONSUMER CULTURE, 5 (2), PP. 131-153	114
ROTMANS, J., KEMP, R., VAN ASSELT, M., MORE EVOLUTION THAN REVOLUTION: TRANSITION MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC POLICY (2001) FORESIGHT, 3, PP. 15-31	112
SMITH, A., RAVEN, R., WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY (2012) RES. POLICY, 41, PP. 1025-1036	111
UNRUH, G.C., UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN (2000) ENERGY POLICY, 28 (12), PP. 817-830	111
DOSI, G., TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES: A SUGGESTED INTERPRETATION OF THE DETERMINANTS AND DIRECTIONS OF TECHNICAL CHANGE (1982) RESEARCH POLICY, 11, PP. 147-162	109
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36, PP. 399-417	108
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28, PP. 31-56	107
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RESEARCH POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417	107
TUSHMAN, M.L., ANDERSON, P., TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986) ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY, 31, PP. 439-465	106
GEELS, F.W., SCHOT, J., TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007) RES. POLICY, 36 (3), PP. 399-417	105
BATHELT, H., MALMBERG, A., MASKELL, P., CLUSTERS AND KNOWLEDGE: LOCAL BUZZ, GLOBAL PIPELINES AND THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION (2004) PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 28 (1), PP. 31-56	102

2.3 Conceptual trajectories: Historical citation path analysis

## 
##  Legend
## 
##                                                                 Label Year LCS  GCS
## 1                                         MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY 2012 449 1033
## 2                                           TRUFFER B, 2012, REG STUD 2012 123  258
## 3                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  62  235
## 4                               SOVACOOL BK, 2016, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2016  21   63
## 5   KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019  27  123
## 6                                     LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD 2017  10  100
## 7                                  ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  13   74
## 8                                  ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2017  10   27
## 9                                         KIVIMAA P, 2019, RES POLICY 2019  14   58
## 10                                       TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2    5
## 11                                       TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    4
## 12                                 FASTENRATH S, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY 2018   2    5
## 13                                     EDMONDSON DL, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   3   26
## 14                             WIECZOREK AJ, 2018, ENVIRON SCI POLICY 2018  11   30
## 15 TORRENS J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2019   2    4
## 16                                        HUANG P, 2018, J CLEAN PROD 2018   2    5
## 17                                        HUANG P, 2018, J CLEAN PROD 2018   4   18
## 18                                          RAKAS M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2    4
## 19                                        DIERCKS G, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    2
## 20                                        DIERCKS G, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   2   14
## 21                                  SCHLAILE MP, 2017, SUSTAINABILITY 2017   6   33
## 22                                   ZOLFAGHARIAN M, 2019, RES POLICY 2019   0    2
## 23                                     BATINGE B, 2019, ENERGY POLICY 2019   0    6
## 24   GOYAL N, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1
## 25                              JOHNSTONE P, 2020, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2020   0    1
## 26                              JOHNSTONE P, 2020, ENERGY RES SOC SCI 2020   0    1
## 27 GRANDIN J, 2020, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 2020   0    1
## 28                                      STRAMBACH S, 2020, RES POLICY 2020   0    1

## IGRAPH 406b4f1 DN-- 22 37 -- 
## + attr: name (v/c), id (v/c), size (v/n), years (v/n), color (e/c)
## + edges from 406b4f1 (vertex names):
## [1] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->KÖHLER J, 2019, ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS 
## [2] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->LUEDERITZ C, 2017, J CLEAN PROD                                   
## [3] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->ROGGE KS, 2017, ENERGY RES SOC SCI                                
## [4] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->KIVIMAA P, 2019, RES POLICY                                       
## [5] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->TURNHEIM B, 2019, RES POLICY                                      
## [6] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->FASTENRATH S, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY                                
## [7] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->EDMONDSON DL, 2019, RES POLICY                                    
## [8] MARKARD J, 2012, RES POLICY->WIECZOREK AJ, 2018, ENVIRON SCI POLICY                            
## + ... omitted several edges

2.3.1 Authors, Themes & Journals

3 Topic modelling

I by now created some topic modelling. The results are now more fine-tuned, but there is still room for some improvement. We ran a LDA on the titles + abstracts of our corpus, aiming at identifying 10 topics (some different numbers of topics to generate shows that 10 result in good results, more topics lead to too much overlap between them)

3.1 Topics by topwords

This might still be finetuned, but initially doesnt look that bad I think. All the topics for me seem to be somewhat identifiable. We should maybe start naming them to make their interpretation later easier.

3.2 Topics over time

3.3 LDAViz

Here you find a nice way of exploring topics via the LDAVIz methodology of visulizing the result of an LDA. It dispolays all topics in a 2 dimensional TSNE (similar to PCA, but optimized for graphical illustration in 2d), and also gives a nice visual representation over the topics top-word distribution and overall frequencies of this words in the corpus. The \(\lambda\) parameter regulates the importance-ordering of the topwords. High \(\lambda\) order words by the highest propability to appear in the topic to the lowest (independent of the overall word popularity in the corpus), whle low \(\lambda\) emphasize words which are very specific to the topic, and rarely appear in others.

Play a bit around. Since it would be here a bit condensed, better check it out HERE in fullscreen for a better overview.

4 Knowledge Bases: Co-Citation network analysis

Note: This analysis refers the co-citation analysis, where the cited references and not the original publications are the unit of analysis. See tab Technical descriptionfor additional explanations

4.1 Knowledge Bases summary

4.1.1 Main Indicators

In order to partition networks into components or clusters, we deploy a community detection technique based on the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). The Lovain Algorithm is a heuristic method that attempts to optimize the modularity of communities within a network by maximizing within- and minimizing between-community connectivity. We identify the following communities = knowledge bases.

It is not the main focus of this exercise, but still informative to see which historical knowledge the fields draws from.

NOTE: Up to now I only report the most central members per community

com	name	dgr_int	dgr
1	GEELS F.W. TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS AS EVOLUTIONARY RECONFIGURATION PROCESSES: A MULTI-LEVEL PER…	8385	11308
1	GEELS F.W. SCHOT J. TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS (2007)	7461	9064
1	KEMP R. SCHOT J. HOOGMA R. REGIME SHIFTS TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH PROCESSES OF NICHE FORMATION: …	6806	9237
1	MARKARD J. RAVEN R. TRUFFER B. SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS …	6150	7941
1	RIP A. KEMP R. TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE (1998)	6011	7972
1	SMITH A. STIRLING A. BERKHOUT F. THE GOVERNANCE OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITIONS (2005)	5391	6617
1	SMITH A. RAVEN R. WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY…	4976	5752
1	GEELS F.W. THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: RESPONSES TO SEVEN CRITICIS…	4447	4933
1	SCHOT J. GEELS F.W. STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY FINDIN…	3767	4330
1	GEELS F.W. FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS ABOUT DYNAMIC…	3728	4866
2	NELSON R.R. WINTER S.G. (1982)	4812	6148
2	FREEMAN C. (1987)	2811	3859
2	NELSON R. WINTER S. (1982)	2626	2817
2	ROSENBERG N. (1982)	2607	2936
2	DOSI G. TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES (1982)	2406	3102
2	VON HIPPEL E. (1988)	2139	2376
2	TUSHMAN M.L. ANDERSON P. TECHNOLOGICAL DISCONTINUITIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS (1986)	2135	2381
2	NELSON R.R. (1993)	2037	2615
2	EDQUIST C. (1997)	1991	2510
2	SCHUMPETER J.A. (1934)	1967	2084
3	BERGEK A. JACOBSSON S. CARLSSON B. LINDMARK S. RICKNE A. ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TEC…	2406	5238
3	CARLSSON B. STANKIEWICZ R. ON THE NATURE FUNCTION AND COMPOSITION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (1991)	1965	4579
3	MARKARD J. TRUFFER B. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARDS A…	1651	4771
3	JACOBSSON S. BERGEK A. TRANSFORMING THE ENERGY SECTOR: THE EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS IN …	1375	2545
3	HEKKERT M.P. SUURS R.A.A. NEGRO S.O. KUHLMANN S. SMITS R.E.H.M. FUNCTIONS OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS: …	1199	2701
3	JACOBSSON S. JOHNSON A. THE DIFFUSION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY: AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AND…	1181	2453
3	MALERBA F. SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION (2002)	990	2738
3	JACOBSSON S. BERGEK A. INNOVATION SYSTEM ANALYSES AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: CONTRIBUTIONS A…	903	1621
3	CARLSSON B. JACOBSSON S. HOLMÉN M. RICKNE A. INNOVATION SYSTEMS: ANALYTICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL IS…	642	1142
3	WIECZOREK A.J. HEKKERT M.P. SYSTEMIC INSTRUMENTS FOR SYSTEMIC INNOVATION PROBLEMS: A FRAMEWORK FO…	494	775

4.1.2 Development of Knowledge Bases

4.2 Technical description

In a co-cittion network, the strength of the relationship between a reference pair \(m\) and \(n\) (\(s_{m,n}^{coc}\)) is expressed by the number of publications \(C\) which are jointly citing reference \(m\) and \(n\).

\[s_{m,n}^{coc} = \sum_i c_{i,m} c_{i,n}\]

The intuition here is that references which are frequently cited together are likely to share commonalities in theory, topic, methodology, or context. It can be interpreted as a measure of similarity as evaluated by other researchers that decide to jointly cite both references. Because the publication process is time-consuming, co-citation is a backward-looking measure, which is appropriate to map the relationship between core literature of a field.

5 Research Areas: Bibliographic coupling analysis

This is arguably the more interesting part. Here, we identify the literature’s current knowledge frontier by carrying out a bibliographic coupling analysis of the publications in our corpus. This measure uses bibliographical information of publications to establish a similarity relationship between them. Again, method details to be found in the tab Technical description. As you will see, we identify the more narrow research community of Sustainability Transitions (in which we will zoom in later), but also a set of adjacent research areas with some theoretical/methodological/application overlap.

5.1 Research Areas main summary

5.1.1 Main Characteristics

To identify communities in the field’s knowledge frontier (labeled research areas) we again use the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). We identify the following communities = research areas.

5.1.2 Categorization

I up to now gain only provide the 10 most central articles, which can be used to classify them

com_name	AU	PY	TI	J9	dgr_int	TC	TC_year
1	LAURSEN K;SALTER A	2006	OPEN FOR INNOVATION: THE ROLE OF OPENNESS IN EXPLAINING INNOVATION PERFORMANCE AMONG U.K. MANUFAC…	STRATEGIC MANAGE J	1406	2736	195.42857
1	GEELS FW	2004	FROM SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION TO SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS ABOUT DYNAMICS AND CHANG…	RES POLICY	2164	1467	91.68750
1	SPENDER J-C	1996	MAKING KNOWLEDGE THE BASIS OF A DYNAMIC THEORY OF THE FIRM	STRATEGIC MANAGE J	1098	2372	98.83333
1	ETZKOWITZ H;LEYDESDORFF L	2000	THE DYNAMICS OF INNOVATION: FROM NATIONAL SYSTEMS AND "“MODE 2”" TO A TRIPLE HELIX OF UNIVERSITY-…	RES POLICY	756	2863	143.15000
1	MALERBA F	2002	SECTORAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION	RES POLICY	1844	1110	61.66667
1	SHANE S;VENKATARAMAN S	2000	THE PROMISE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A FIELD OF RESEARCH	ACAD MANAGE REV	378	5320	266.00000
1	GARUD R;KARNØE P	2003	BRICOLAGE VERSUS BREAKTHROUGH: DISTRIBUTED AND EMBEDDED AGENCY IN TECHNOLOGY ENTREPRENEURSHIP	RES POLICY	2004	813	47.82353
1	BAKER T;NELSON RE	2005	CREATING SOMETHING FROM NOTHING: RESOURCE CONSTRUCTION THROUGH ENTREPRENEURIAL BRICOLAGE	ADM SCI Q	1079	1372	91.46667
1	BERGEK A;JACOBSSON S;C…	2008	ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS: A SCHEME OF ANALYSIS	RES POLICY	1689	826	68.83333
1	UNRUH GC	2000	UNDERSTANDING CARBON LOCK-IN	ENERGY POLICY	1016	1232	61.60000
2	MARKARD J;RAVEN R;TRUF…	2012	SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS: AN EMERGING FIELD OF RESEARCH AND ITS PROSPECTS	RES POLICY	7369	1033	129.12500
2	GEELS FW;SCHOT J	2007	TYPOLOGY OF SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS	RES POLICY	2447	1845	141.92308
2	SCHOT J;GEELS FW	2008	STRATEGIC NICHE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION JOURNEYS: THEORY, FINDINGS, RESEARCH AGENDA…	TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG MANAGE	2824	787	65.58333
2	SMITH A;RAVEN R	2012	WHAT IS PROTECTIVE SPACE? RECONSIDERING NICHES IN TRANSITIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY	RES POLICY	2751	641	80.12500
2	MARKARD J;TRUFFER B	2008	TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK	RES POLICY	3131	547	45.58333
2	COENEN L;BENNEWORTH P;…	2012	TOWARD A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	3323	471	58.87500
2	KIVIMAA P;KERN F	2016	CREATIVE DESTRUCTION OR MERE NICHE SUPPORT? INNOVATION POLICY MIXES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS	RES POLICY	5149	245	61.25000
2	FUENFSCHILLING L;TRUFF…	2014	THE STRUCTURATION OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL REGIMES - CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FROM INSTITUTIONAL THEORY	RES POLICY	4819	239	39.83333
2	WEBER KM;ROHRACHER H	2012	LEGITIMIZING RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMATIVE CHANGE: COMBINING IN…	RES POLICY	3780	293	36.62500
2	TRUFFER B;COENEN L	2012	ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS IN REGIONAL STUDIES	REG STUD	3374	258	32.25000
3	SHOVE E	2010	BEYOND THE ABC: CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE	ENVIRON PLANN A	2424	1089	108.90000
3	STIRLING A	2008	"“OPENING UP”" AND "“CLOSING DOWN”": POWER, PARTICIPATION, AND PLURALISM IN THE SOCIAL APPRAISAL …	SCI TECHNOL HUM VALUES	2958	716	59.66667
3	FOLKE C;CARPENTER SR;W…	2010	RESILIENCE THINKING: INTEGRATING RESILIENCE, ADAPTABILITY AND TRANSFORMABILITY	ECOL SOC	1231	1402	140.20000
3	NELSON DR;ADGER WN;BRO…	2007	ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: CONTRIBUTIONS OF A RESILIENCE FRAMEWORK	ANNU REV ENVIRON RESOUR	1628	971	74.69231
3	CARRILLO-HERMOSILLA J;…	2010	DIVERSITY OF ECO-INNOVATIONS: REFLECTIONS FROM SELECTED CASE STUDIES	J CLEAN PROD	3213	366	36.60000
3	HARGREAVES T	2011	PRACTICE-ING BEHAVIOUR CHANGE: APPLYING SOCIAL PRACTICE THEORY TO PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR CHANGE	J CONSUM CULT	3018	381	42.33333
3	SEYFANG G;SMITH A	2007	GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: TOWARDS A NEW RESEARCH AND POLICY AGENDA	ENVIRON POLIT	1523	686	52.76923
3	WHITMARSH L;O’NEILL S	2010	GREEN IDENTITY, GREEN LIVING? THE ROLE OF PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SELF-IDENTITY IN DETERMINING CONSISTE…	J ENVIRON PSYCHOL	1867	530	53.00000
3	MEADOWCROFT J	2009	WHAT ABOUT THE POLITICS? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TRANSITION MANAGEMENT, AND LONG TERM ENERGY TRA…	POLICY SCI	2167	425	38.63636
3	LOORBACH D	2010	TRANSITION MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A PRESCRIPTIVE, COMPLEXITY-BASED GOVERNANCE FR…	GOVERNANCE	1464	612	61.20000
4	STILGOE J;OWEN R;MACNA…	2013	DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK FOR RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION	RES POLICY	2330	718	102.57143
4	WISE RM;FAZEY I;STAFFO…	2014	RECONCEPTUALISING ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AS PART OF PATHWAYS OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	2014	405	67.50000
4	BULKELEY H;CASTÁN BROTO V	2013	GOVERNMENT BY EXPERIMENT? GLOBAL CITIES AND THE GOVERNING OF CLIMATE CHANGE	TRANS INST BR GEOGR	1692	397	56.71429
4	BRIDGE G;BOUZAROVSKI S…	2013	GEOGRAPHIES OF ENERGY TRANSITION: SPACE, PLACE AND THE LOW-CARBON ECONOMY	ENERGY POLICY	1348	421	60.14286
4	CASTÁN BROTO V;BULKELEY H	2013	A SURVEY OF URBAN CLIMATE CHANGE EXPERIMENTS IN 100 CITIES	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	1480	380	54.28571
4	BOONS F;MONTALVO C;QUI…	2013	SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, BUSINESS MODELS AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: AN OVERVIEW	J CLEAN PROD	1366	384	54.85714
4	ABAS N;KALAIR A;KHAN N	2015	REVIEW OF FOSSIL FUELS AND FUTURE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES	FUTURES	2307	200	40.00000
4	SEYFANG G;PARK JJ;SMITH A	2013	A THOUSAND FLOWERS BLOOMING? AN EXAMINATION OF COMMUNITY ENERGY IN THE UK	ENERGY POLICY	2065	222	31.71429
4	GEELS FW;KERN F;FUCHS …	2016	THE ENACTMENT OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL TRANSITION PATHWAYS: A REFORMULATED TYPOLOGY AND A COMPARATIVE M…	RES POLICY	1726	239	59.75000
4	ARAÚJO K	2014	THE EMERGING FIELD OF ENERGY TRANSITIONS: PROGRESS, CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES	ENERGY RES SOC SCI	2500	142	23.66667
5	FOLKE C	2016	RESILIENCE (REPUBLISHED)	ECOL SOC	1178	120	30.00000
5	CHAFFIN BC;GOSNELL H;C…	2014	A DECADE OF ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE SCHOLARSHIP: SYNTHESIS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS	ECOL SOC	568	217	36.16667
5	OLSSON P;GUNDERSON LH;…	2006	SHOOTING THE RAPIDS: NAVIGATING TRANSITIONS TO ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS	ECOL SOC	149	752	53.71429
5	OLSSON L;JERNECK A;THO…	2015	WHY RESILIENCE IS UNAPPEALING TO SOCIAL SCIENCE: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE …	SCI ADV	413	199	39.80000
5	WESTLEY FR;TJORNBO O;S…	2013	A THEORY OF TRANSFORMATIVE AGENCY IN LINKED SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS	ECOL SOC	325	248	35.42857
5	PARK SE;MARSHALL NA;JA…	2012	INFORMING ADAPTATION RESPONSES TO CLIMATE CHANGE THROUGH THEORIES OF TRANSFORMATION	GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANGE	269	270	33.75000
5	FABINYI M;EVANS L;FOAL…	2014	SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, SOCIAL DIVERSITY, AND POWER: INSIGHTS FROM ANTHROPOLOGY AND POLITICAL …	ECOL SOC	547	125	20.83333
5	MCGINNIS MD;OSTROM E	2014	SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM FRAMEWORK: INITIAL CHANGES AND CONTINUING CHALLENGES	ECOL SOC	146	401	66.83333
5	CHAFFIN BC;GARMESTANI …	2016	TRANSFORMATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE	ANNU REV ENVIRON RESOUR	482	73	18.25000
5	WILKINSON C	2012	SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE: INSIGHTS AND ISSUES FOR PLANNING THEORY	PLANNING THEORY	227	150	18.75000

5.1.3 Development

We again see quite some dynamics….

5.1.4 Connectivity between the research areas

5.1.5 Technical description

In a bibliographic coupling network, the coupling-strength between publications is determined by the number of commonly cited references they share, assuming a common pool of references to indicate similarity in context, methods, or theory. Formally, the strength of the relationship between a publication pair \(i\) and \(j\) (\(s_{i,j}^{bib}\)) is expressed by the number of commonly cited references.

\[ s_{i,j}^{bib} = \sum_m c_{i,m} c_{j,m} \]

Since our corpus contains publications which differ strongly in terms of the number of cited references, we normalize the coupling strength by the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Here, we weight the intercept of two publications’ bibliography (shared refeences) by their union (number of all references cited by either \(i\) or \(j\)). It is bounded between zero and one, where one indicates the two publications to have an identical bibliography, and zero that they do not share any cited reference. Thereby, we prevent publications from having high coupling strength due to a large bibliography (e.g., literature surveys).

\[ S_{i,j}^{jac-bib} =\frac{C(i \cap j)}{C(i \cup j)} = \frac{s_{i,j}^{bib}}{c_i + c_j - s_{i,j}^{bib}} \]

More recent articles have a higher pool of possible references to co-cite to, hence they are more likely to be coupled. Consequently, bibliographic coupling represents a forward looking measure, and the method of choice to identify the current knowledge frontier at the point of analysis.

Transitions Bibliometrics 2020

Daniel S. Hain

19 August, 2020